1. Main Parts in reference

Basic Format:

Author(s). (Year). Title of the article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), page numbers. DOI (if available)

Step-by-Step Guide:

  • Author(s): Start the reference with the author's last name followed by their initials. If there are multiple authors, list them in the order they appear on the article, separating them with commas and using an ampersand (&) before the last author.

  • Publication Year: Include the year of publication in parentheses, followed by a period.

  • Title of the Article: The title should be in sentence case (only the first word and proper nouns are capitalized). Do not italicize or underline the title.

  • Title of Journal: The journal name should be in title case and italicized. Ensure you capture the full title as it appears in the publication.

    Volume and Issue Number: The volume number should be italicized, but not the issue number. Enclose the issue number in parentheses immediately after the volume number without a space.

    Page Numbers: Include the range of pages for the article. Use a hyphen between the numbers (e.g., 123-456).

    DOI (Digital Object Identifier) or URL (Universal Resource Locator, internet address): If available, provide the DOI or URL at the end of the citation. Format the DOI as a https://doi.org/10.0000/xxxxx and URL as https://www.xyz...

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